A-Z
Topics
Latest
A
- Abdominal aortic aneurysm
- Abortion care
- Accident prevention (see unintentional injuries among under-15s)
- Acute coronary syndromes: early management
- Acute coronary syndromes: secondary prevention and rehabilitation
- Acute heart failure
- Acute hospitals (adult inpatient wards), safe staffing for nursing
- Acute hospitals (adult inpatient wards), safe staffing for nursing
- Acute kidney injury
- Acute myocardial infarction (see acute coronary syndromes: early management)
- Acute pancreatitis (see pancreatitis)
- Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding
- Acutely ill patients in hospital
- ADHD (see attention deficit hyperactivity disorder)
- Adult carers (see supporting adult carers)
- Advanced breast cancer
- Adverse drug reactions (see drug allergy)
- Age-related macular degeneration
- Aggression and violence
- Agoraphobia (see panic disorder)
- Air pollution
- Alcohol-use disorders
- Allergy, drug (see drug allergy)
- Allergy, food (see food allergy in children and young people)
- Allergy, severe reaction (see anaphylaxis)
- Alzheimer's disease (see dementia)
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (see motor neurone disease)
- Anaemia management in people with chronic kidney disease
- Anaphylaxis: assessment and referral after emergency treatment
- Ankylosing spondylitis (see spondyloarthritis)
- Anorexia (see eating disorders)
- Antenatal and postnatal mental health
- Antenatal care for uncomplicated pregnancies
- Antibiotic prescribing for diabetic foot infections (see foot care for people with diabetes)
- Antibiotic prescribing for pneumonia
- Antibiotics for early-onset neonatal infection (see early-onset neonatal infection)
- Antibiotics in respiratory tract and ear infections
- Antimicrobial prescribing for common infections
- Antimicrobial stewardship
- Antimicrobials for bites and stings
- Antimicrobials for bronchiectasis (non-cystic fibrosis)
- Antimicrobials for cellulitis and erysipelas
- Antimicrobials for impetigo
- Antimicrobials for leg ulcer infection
- Antimicrobials for prostatitis
- Antisocial behaviour and conduct disorders in children and young people
- Antisocial personality disorder (see personality disorders)
- Anxiety (see generalised anxiety disorder)
- Aortic aneurysm, abdominal
- Aortic aneurysms
- Arthritis, osteoarthritis
- Arthritis, rheumatoid
- Asthma
- Atopic dermatitis (see eczema)
- Atopic eczema (see eczema)
- Atrial fibrillation
- Attachment difficulties in children and young people
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Autism spectrum disorder
- Axial spondyloarthritis (see spondyloarthritis)
- Back pain, low
- Bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in under 16s
- Barrett’s oesophagus
- Bed sores (see pressure ulcers)
- Bedwetting in children and young people
- Behaviour change
- Behaviour that challenges and learning disabilities
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (see lower urinary tract symptoms in men)
- Bipolar disorder
- Bites and stings – antimicrobial prescribing
- Blackouts (see transient loss of consciousness)
- Bladder cancer
- Bladder infection (see urinary tract infections)
- Blood and bone marrow cancers
- Blood and immune system conditions
- Blood poisoning
- Blood pressure, high (see hypertension)
- Blood transfusion
- Body dysmorphic disorder (see obsessive-compulsive disorder)
- Borderline personality disorder (see personality disorders)
- Bowel cancer (see colorectal cancer)
- Bowel cancer prevention (see colonoscopic surveillance)
- Bowel incontinence (see faecal incontinence)
- Brain cancer (see brain tumours and metastases)
- Brain tumours and metastases
- Breast cancer, advanced
- Breast cancer, early and locally advanced
- Breast cancer, familial
- Breast conditions
- Breast milk, donor banks
- Breastfeeding (see maternal and child nutrition)
- Bronchiectasis (non-cystic fibrosis) – antimicrobial prescribing
- Bronchiolitis in children
- Bulimia (see eating disorders)
- Caesarean section
- Cancer of unknown primary origin (see metastatic malignant disease of unknown primary origin)
- Cancer, suspected
- Cannabis-based medicinal products
- Cardiovascular disease prevention
- Cardiovascular disease: identifying and supporting people most at risk of dying early
- Care and support of people growing older with learning disabilities
- Care homes, managing medicines
- Care homes, oral health
- Carers (see supporting adult carers)
- Cataracts
- Catheter-associated UTIs (see urinary tract infections)
- Cellulitis and erysipelas – antimicrobial prescribing
- Cerebral palsy
- Cervical cancer
- Challenging behaviour and learning disabilities
- Changing behaviour
- Chest pain
- Child abuse and neglect
- Child growth, faltering
- Child maltreatment (see child abuse and neglect)
- Childbirth (see fertility, pregnancy and childbirth)
- Children's attachment (see attachment difficulties in children and young people)
- Children's palliative care, for people with life-limiting conditions (see end of life care for people with life-limiting conditions)
- Cholelithiasis, cholecystitis and choledocholithiasis (see gallstone disease)
- Chronic fatigue syndrome myalgic encephalomyelitis
- Chronic heart failure
- Chronic kidney disease
- Chronic kidney disease, anaemia management
- Chronic kidney disease, hyperphosphataemia
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Chronic pancreatitis (see pancreatitis)
- Cirrhosis
- Cluster headache (see headaches)
- Cochlear implants (see hearing loss)
- Coeliac disease
- Coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: assessment and management in healthcare settings
- Coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: community health and social care services
- Cold homes, reducing preventable excess winter deaths (see excess winter deaths and illnesses associated with cold homes)
- Colonoscopic surveillance
- Colorectal cancer
- Colorectal cancer prevention (see colonoscopic surveillance)
- Common mental health disorders in primary care
- Community engagement
- Community pharmacies: promoting health and wellbeing
- Community-acquired pneumonia (see pneumonia)
- Complex fractures (see trauma)
- Complex psychosis, rehabilitation for adults (see rehabilitation for adults with complex psychosis)
- Complex social factors and pregnancy: service provision
- Concussion and coma (see head injury)
- Conduct disorders and antisocial behaviour in children and young people
- Constipation
- Contraception
- Contraceptive services for under 25s
- Controlled drugs: safe use and management
- Cough (see self-limiting respiratory tract and ear infections – antibiotic prescribing)
- Criminal justice system, health of people in
- Critical illness rehabilitation
- Crohn’s disease
- Cycling and walking
- Cystic fibrosis
- Cystitis (see urinary tract infections)
- Deafness (see hearing loss)
- Decision-making and mental capacity
- Deep vein thrombosis (see venous thromboembolism)
- Delirium
- Dementia
- Dementia, disability and frailty in later life: mid-life approaches to delay or prevent onset
- Dental and oral health
- Dental perioperative care (see perioperative care)
- Dental services, local authority improvement approaches (see oral health improvement for local authorities and their partners)
- Depression
- Depression in children and young people
- Developmental follow-up of children and young people born preterm
- Diabetes
- Diabetes (type 2) prevention
- Diabetes in children and young people
- Diabetes in pregnancy
- Diabetic foot care
- Diarrhoea and vomiting in children
- Diet
- Diverticular disease
- Diverticulitis (see diverticular disease)
- Diverticulosis (see diverticular disease)
- Domestic violence and abuse
- Domiciliary care for older people
- Donor breast milk banks
- Drug allergy
- Drug misuse management in over 16s
- Drug misuse prevention
- Dual diagnosis (see coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: assessment and management in healthcare settings)
- Dual diagnosis (see coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: community health and social care services)
- Dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
- Ear, nose and throat conditions
- Early and locally advanced breast cancer
- Early-onset neonatal infection
- Earwax removal (see hearing loss)
- Eating disorders
- Ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage
- Eczema
- Emergency and acute medical care in over 16s: service delivery and organisation
- End of life care for infants, children and young people (see end of life care for people with life-limiting conditions)
- End of life care for people with life-limiting conditions
- Endocarditis prophylaxis (see prophylaxis against infective endocarditis)
- Endocrine cancers
- Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic conditions
- Endometriosis
- Enteral nutrition (see nutrition support in adults)
- Epilepsy
- Excess winter deaths and illnesses associated with cold homes
- Exercise (see physical activity)
- Eye conditions
- Faecal incontinence
- Falls in older people (see preventing falls in older people)
- Faltering growth
- Familial breast cancer
- Familial hypercholesterolaemia
- Fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic
- Fertility
- Fertility, pregnancy and childbirth
- Fever in under 5s
- Feverish illness in children
- Fibroids, uterine (see heavy menstrual bleeding)
- Flu vaccination (see influenza)
- Food allergy in under 19s
- Foot care for people with diabetes
- Fractured neck of femur (see hip fracture)
- Fractures (see trauma)
- Fragility fractures (see osteoporosis)
- Gallstone disease
- Gastric cancer (see oesophageal and gastric cancer)
- Gastroenteritis in children (see diarrhoea and vomiting in children)
- Gastrointestinal bleeding, acute upper
- Gastrointestinal cancers
- Gastrointestinal conditions
- Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and dyspepsia
- Generalised anxiety disorder
- Genomic biomarker-based treatment for solid tumours
- Gestational diabetes
- Glaucoma
- Glue ear (see surgical management of otitis media with effusion in children)
- Goitre (see thyroid disease)
- Graves' disease (see thyroid disease)
- Growth, faltering
- Gynaecological conditions (see urogenital conditions)
- Haematemesis (see acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding)
- Haematological cancers (see blood and bone marrow cancers)
- Harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people
- Head injury
- Headaches
- Health of people in the criminal justice system
- Health services, adult user experience
- Healthcare-associated infections, prevention and control
- Hearing loss
- Heart defects, structural
- Heart failure, acute
- Heart failure, chronic
- Heart rhythm conditions
- Heartburn (see dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease)
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
- Hepatitis B (chronic)
- Hepatitis B and C testing
- High blood pressure (see hypertension)
- Hip fracture
- Hip replacement (see joint replacement)
- Histology-independent treatment for solid tumours
- HIV testing and prevention
- Home care for older people
- Hospital-acquired pneumonia (see pneumonia)
- Human and animal bites
- Hypercholesterolaemia, familial (see familial hypercholesterolaemia)
- Hypercholesterolaemia, non-familial (see cardiovascular disease prevention)
- Hyperkinetic disorder (see attention deficit hyperactivity disorder)
- Hyperparathyroidism (primary)
- Hyperphosphataemia in chronic kidney disease
- Hypertension
- Hypertension in pregnancy
- Hyperthyroidism (see thyroid disease)
- Hypothyroidism (see thyroid disease)
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- Immune system and blood conditions
- Immunisations for under 19s
- Impetigo
- Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia
- Incontinence, faecal
- Incontinence, urinary
- Incontinence, urinary in neurological disease
- Independence and mental wellbeing in older people
- Indoor air quality at home (see air pollution)
- Induction of labour
- Infant feeding (see maternal and child nutrition)
- Infant growth, faltering
- Infections, antimicrobials for common
- Infective endocarditis, prophylaxis
- Inflammatory bowel disease (see Crohn's disease)
- Inflammatory bowel disease (see ulcerative colitis)
- Influenza
- Injuries, multiple serious (see trauma)
- Insect bites and stings
- Intermediate care including reablement
- Interstitial lung disease (see idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis)
- Intraoperative care (see perioperative care)
- Intrapartum care
- Intrapartum care for women with existing medical conditions
- Intrapartum care for women with obstetric complications
- Intravenous fluid therapy in hospital
- Irritable bowel syndrome in adults
- Jaundice, neonatal
- Joint replacement
- Kidney cancer (see renal cancer)
- Kidney conditions
- Kidney disease, chronic
- Kidney injury, acute
- Kidney stones
- Knee replacement (see joint replacement)
- Labour (see intrapartum care)
- Labour, care for women with existing medical conditions (see intrapartum care for women with existing medical conditions)
- Labour, care for women with obstetric complications (see intrapartum care for women with obstetric complications)
- Labour, induced
- Larynx, mouth and throat cancer (see upper aerodigestive tract cancer)
- Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges
- Learning disabilities, mental health problems
- Learning disabilities, older people
- Leg ulcers
- Leukaemia (see blood and bone marrow cancers)
- Life-limiting conditions, end of life care (see end of life care for people with life-limiting conditions)
- Lifestyle weight management services for overweight or obese adults
- Lifestyle weight management services for overweight or obese children and young people
- Lipid modification (see cardiovascular disease prevention)
- Liver cancers
- Liver conditions
- Liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty
- Local formulary development
- Long-term sickness absence and capability to work
- Looked-after babies, children and young people
- Low back pain and sciatica
- Lower limb peripheral arterial disease
- Lower urinary tract symptoms in men
- Lung cancer
- Lyme disease
- Lymphoma (see blood and bone marrow cancers)
- Lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's
- Macular degeneration, age-related
- Managing long-term sickness absence and capability to work
- Managing medicines for people receiving social care in the community
- Managing medicines in care homes
- Manic depression (see bipolar disorder)
- Maternal and child nutrition
- Maternity settings, safe midwifery staffing
- Medicines adherence (see medicines optimisation)
- Medicines optimisation
- Melanoma
- Meningitis, bacterial and meningococcal septicaemia
- Menopause
- Menorrhagia (see heavy menstrual bleeding)
- Mental capacity and decision-making
- Mental health disorders (common) in primary care
- Mental health problems in people with learning disabilities
- Mental health services, adult service user experience
- Mental health, antenatal and postnatal
- Mental illness (severe) and substance misuse, coexisting (see coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: community health and social care services)
- Mental wellbeing and independence in older people
- Mental wellbeing at work
- Metabolic conditions (see endocrine, nutritional and metabolic conditions)
- Metastatic malignant disease of unknown primary origin
- Metastatic spinal cord compression
- Migraine (see headaches)
- Miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy
- Monitoring ill patients (see acutely ill patients in hospital)
- Motor neurone disease
- Mouth, larynx and throat cancer (see upper aerodigestive tract cancer)
- Multimorbidity
- Multiple long-term conditions (see multimorbidity)
- Multiple pregnancy (see twin and triplet pregnancy)
- Multiple sclerosis
- Multiple serious injuries (see trauma)
- Musculoskeletal conditions
- Myalgic encephalomyelitis, chronic fatigue syndrome
- Myeloma
- Myocardial infarction, secondary prevention and rehabilitation (see acute coronary syndromes: secondary prevention and rehabilitation)
- Needle and syringe programmes
- Neonatal infection (see early-onset neonatal infection)
- Neonatal jaundice
- Neonatal parenteral nutrition
- Neurological conditions
- Neurological disease, urinary incontinence
- Neuropathic pain
- Neutropenic sepsis
- Nocturnal enuresis (see bedwetting in children and young people)
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
- Non-STEMI (see acute coronary syndromes: early management)
- Nose conditions (see ear, nose and throat conditions)
- NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours
- Nutrition support in adults
- Nutritional conditions (see endocrine, nutritional and metabolic conditions)
- Obesity
- Obesity: working with local communities
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder and body dysmorphic disorder
- Oesophageal and gastric cancer
- Older people with social care needs and multiple long-term conditions (see social care for older people with multiple long-term conditions)
- Older people, learning disabilities
- Older people: independence and mental wellbeing
- Opioids for pain relief in palliative care
- Oral and dental health
- Oral health for adults in care homes
- Oral health improvement for local authorities and their partners
- Organ donation for transplantation
- Osteoarthritis
- Osteoporosis
- Otitis media (acute) (see self-limiting respiratory tract and ear infections – antibiotic prescribing)
- Otitis media with effusion, surgical management in children
- Outdoor air quality and health (see air pollution)
- Ovarian cancer
- Overactive bladder (see urinary incontinence)
- Overweight or obese adults, lifestyle weight management services
- Overweight or obese children and young people, lifestyle weight management services
- Pain, neuropathic
- Palliative care, for people with life-limiting conditions (see end of life care for people with life-limiting conditions)
- Palliative care, opioids
- Pancreatic cancer
- Pancreatitis
- Panic disorder
- Parenteral nutrition (see nutrition support in adults)
- Parkinson’s disease
- Patient experience in adult NHS services
- Patient group directions
- Pelvic organ prolapse
- People with learning disabilities, mental health problems
- People’s experience in adult social care services
- Perioperative care
- Perioperative hypothermia, inadvertent
- Peripheral arterial disease, lower limb
- Personality disorders
- Physical activity
- Pneumonia
- Postnatal and antenatal mental health
- Postnatal care
- Postoperative care (see perioperative care)
- Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Pre-eclampsia (see hypertension in pregnancy)
- Pregnancy (see fertility, pregnancy and childbirth)
- Pregnancy and complex social factors: service provision
- Pregnancy, diabetes
- Pregnancy, hypertension
- Pregnancy, preventing teenage (see preventing sexually transmitted infections and under-18 conceptions)
- Pregnancy, twins and triplets (see twin and triplet pregnancy)
- Premature labour and birth (see preterm labour and birth)
- Premature ovarian insufficiency (see menopause)
- Preoperative care (see perioperative care)
- Preoperative tests
- Pressure ulcers
- Preterm labour and birth
- Preventing falls in older people
- Preventing sexually transmitted infections and under-18 conceptions
- Preventing suicide
- Preventing type 2 diabetes
- Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections
- Primary hyperparathyroidism
- Prison, health of people in
- Promoting mental wellbeing at work
- Prophylaxis against infective endocarditis
- Prostate cancer
- Prostatitis – antimicrobial prescribing
- Psoriasis
- Psoriatic arthritis (see spondyloarthritis)
- Psychosis and schizophrenia
- Psychosis with coexisting substance misuse (see coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: assessment and management in healthcare settings)
- Psychosis, complex, rehabilitation for adults (see rehabilitation for adults with complex psychosis)
- Pulmonary embolism (see venous thromboembolism)
- Pyelonephritis (see urinary tract infections)
- Reablement (see intermediate care)
- Reactive arthritis (see spondyloarthritis)
- Rehabilitation after critical illness
- Rehabilitation for adults with complex psychosis
- Renal and ureteric stones
- Renal cancer
- Renal conditions
- Renal failure, acute (see acute kidney injury)
- Renal failure, established (see chronic kidney disease)
- Renal replacement therapy (see chronic kidney disease)
- Respiratory conditions
- Respiratory syncytial virus infection (see bronchiolitis in children)
- Respiratory tract and ear infections (self-limiting), antibiotic prescribing
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Safe midwifery staffing for maternity settings
- Safe staffing for nursing in adult inpatient wards in acute hospitals
- Safeguarding adults in care homes
- Sarcoma
- Schizophrenia and psychosis
- Sciatica and low back pain
- Sedation in children and young people
- Seizures (see epilepsy)
- Self-harm
- Self-limiting respiratory tract and ear infections – antibiotic prescribing
- Sepsis
- Septicaemia, meningococcal and bacterial meningitis (see bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia)
- Service user experience in adult mental health services
- Severe mental illness and substance misuse, coexisting (see coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: community health and social care services)
- Sexual behaviour, harmful
- Sexually transmitted infections, prevention
- Shoulder replacement (see joint replacement)
- Sickle cell disease: acute painful episode
- Sinusitis (see self-limiting respiratory tract and ear infections – antibiotic prescribing)
- Skin cancer
- Skin cancer prevention (see sunlight exposure: risks and benefits)
- Skin conditions
- Skin damage (see skin conditions)
- Smokeless tobacco cessation: South Asian communities
- Smoking
- Smoking cessation in secondary care
- Smoking: tobacco harm-reduction approaches
- Social and emotional wellbeing for children and young people
- Social anxiety disorder
- Social care for older people with multiple long-term conditions
- Social care services, people's experience
- Social factors (complex) in pregnancy: service provision
- Sore throat (see self-limiting respiratory tract and ear infections – antibiotic prescribing)
- Spasticity in children and young people
- Specialist neonatal respiratory care in preterm babies
- Spinal cord compression, metastatic (see metastatic spinal cord compression)
- Spinal injury (see trauma)
- Spondyloarthritis
- STEMI (see acute coronary syndromes: early management)
- Stomach cancer (see oesophageal and gastric cancer)
- Stroke
- Structural heart defects
- Substance misuse and severe mental illness, coexisting (see coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: community health and social care services)
- Suicide prevention
- Sunlight exposure: risks and benefits
- Supporting adult carers
- Surgical care (see perioperative care)
- Surgical management of otitis media with effusion in children
- Surgical site infection (see prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections)
- Suspected cancer recognition and referral
- Suspected neurological conditions recognition and referral (see neurological conditions)
- Teenage pregnancy prevention (see preventing sexually transmitted infections and under-18 conceptions)
- Termination of pregnancy (see abortion care)
- Throat conditions (see ear, nose and throat conditions)
- Throat, larynx and mouth cancer (see upper aerodigestive tract cancer)
- Thyroid disease
- Thyrotoxicosis (see thyroid disease)
- Tinnitus
- Tissue viability (see pressure ulcers)
- Tobacco (see smoking)
- Tobacco cessation (smokeless): South Asian communities
- Tobacco harm reduction approaches
- Transfusion (see blood transfusion)
- Transient ischaemic attack (see stroke)
- Transient loss of consciousness
- Transition between community or care home and inpatient mental health settings
- Transition between inpatient hospital settings and community or care home settings for adults with social care needs
- Transition from children's to adults' services
- Trauma
- Triplet and twin pregnancy
- Tuberculosis
- Twin and triplet pregnancy
- Type 1 and type 2 diabetes in children and young people
- Type 1 diabetes in adults
- Type 2 diabetes in adults
- Type 2 diabetes prevention
- Ulcerative colitis
- Unintentional injuries among under-15s
- Unstable angina (see acute coronary syndromes: early management)
- Upper aerodigestive tract cancer
- Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, acute
- Ureteric stones
- Urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in women
- Urinary incontinence in neurological disease
- Urinary tract infections
- Urinary tract symptoms in men, lower
- Urogenital conditions
- Urological conditions (see urogenital conditions)
- Vaccinations (see immunisation for children and young people)
- Varicose veins in the legs
- Venous thromboembolism
- Violence and aggression
- Vitamin D: supplement use in specific population groups
- Vomiting and diarrhoea in children
- Walking and cycling
- Weight management services (lifestyle) for overweight or obese adults
- Weight management services (lifestyle) for overweight or obese children and young people
- Winter deaths and illnesses associated with cold homes (see excess winter deaths and illnesses associated with cold homes)
- Workplace health: policy and management practices
- Young offender institutions, health of people in
-
Conditions and diseases
-
Blood and immune system conditions
- Allergies
- Anaphylaxis: assessment and referral after emergency treatment
- Blood and bone marrow cancers
- Blood conditions
- Coeliac disease
- Breast conditions
-
Cancer
- Bladder cancer
- Blood and bone marrow cancers
- Brain tumours and metastases
- Breast cancer
- Cervical cancer
- Complications of cancer
- Endocrine cancers
- Gastrointestinal cancers
- Genomic biomarker-based treatment for solid tumours
- Liver cancers
- Lung cancer
- Metastatic malignant disease of unknown primary origin
- Ovarian cancer
- Pancreatic cancer
- Prostate cancer
- Renal cancer
- Sarcoma
- Skin cancer
- Suspected cancer recognition and referral
- Upper aerodigestive tract cancer
-
Cardiovascular conditions
- Acute coronary syndromes
- Aortic aneurysms
- Cardiovascular disease: identifying and supporting people most at risk of dying early
- Chest pain
- Heart failure
- Heart rhythm conditions
- Hypertension
- Lipid disorders
- Lower limb peripheral arterial disease
- Prophylaxis against infective endocarditis
- Stable angina
- Stroke
- Structural heart defects
- Varicose veins in the legs
- Venous thromboembolism
- Chronic fatigue syndrome myalgic encephalomyelitis
- Diabetes and other endocrine, nutritional and metabolic conditions
-
Digestive tract conditions
- Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding
- Barrett’s oesophagus
- Coeliac disease
- Constipation
- Cystic fibrosis
- Diarrhoea and vomiting in children
- Diverticular disease
- Dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
- Faecal incontinence
- Gallstone disease
- Gastrointestinal cancers
- Gastrointestinal conditions
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Irritable bowel syndrome in adults
- Pancreatitis
- Upper aerodigestive tract cancer
- Ear, nose and throat conditions
- Eye conditions
-
Fertility, pregnancy and childbirth
- Contraception
- Fertility
- Intrapartum care
-
Postnatal care
- Antenatal and postnatal mental health
- Developmental follow-up of children and young people born preterm
- Donor breast milk banks
- Early-onset neonatal infection
- Faltering growth
- Maternal and child nutrition
- Neonatal jaundice
- Neonatal parenteral nutrition
- Specialist neonatal respiratory care in preterm babies
- Pregnancy
- Genetic conditions
- Gynaecological conditions
-
Infections
-
Antibiotic use
- Antimicrobial prescribing for common infections
- Antimicrobial stewardship
- Bites and stings – antimicrobial prescribing
- Bronchiectasis (non-cystic fibrosis) – antimicrobial prescribing
- Cellulitis and erysipelas – antimicrobial prescribing
- Early-onset neonatal infection
- Eczema
- Foot care for people with diabetes
- Impetigo
- Leg ulcers
- Pneumonia
- Prophylaxis against infective endocarditis
- Prostatitis – antimicrobial prescribing
- Self-limiting respiratory tract and ear infections – antibiotic prescribing
- Urinary tract infections
- Bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in under 16s
- Fever in under 5s
- Hepatitis
- HIV testing and prevention
- Influenza
- Lyme disease
- Preventing sexually transmitted infections and under-18 conceptions
- Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections
- Sepsis
- Tuberculosis
-
Antibiotic use
- Injuries, accidents and wounds
- Kidney conditions
-
Liver conditions
- Alcohol-use disorders
- Chronic liver disease
- Hepatitis
- Liver cancers
-
Mental health and behavioural conditions
- Alcohol-use disorders
- Antenatal and postnatal mental health
- Antisocial behaviour and conduct disorders in children and young people
- Anxiety
- Attachment difficulties in children and young people
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Autism spectrum disorder
- Bipolar disorder
- Common mental health disorders in primary care
- Decision-making and mental capacity
- Delirium
- Dementia
- Depression
- Depression in children and young people
- Eating disorders
- Harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people
- Health of people in the criminal justice system
- Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges
- Mental health problems in people with learning disabilities
- Personality disorders
- Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Psychosis and schizophrenia
- Rehabilitation for adults with complex psychosis
- Self-harm
- Service user experience in adult mental health services
- Transition between community or care home and inpatient mental health settings
- Violence and aggression
- Multiple long-term conditions
- Musculoskeletal conditions
- Neonatal parenteral nutrition
-
Neurological conditions
- Brain tumours and metastases
- Cerebral palsy
- Delirium
- Dementia
- Epilepsy
- Faecal incontinence
- Headaches
- Metastatic spinal cord compression
- Motor neurone disease
- Multiple sclerosis
- Neuropathic pain
- Parkinson’s disease
- Spasticity in children and young people
- Transient loss of consciousness
- Trauma
- Urinary incontinence
- Oral and dental health
- Respiratory conditions
- Skin conditions
- Urogenital conditions
- Urological conditions
-
Blood and immune system conditions
-
Health protection
- Communicable diseases
- Drug misuse
- Environment
-
Lifestyle and wellbeing
- Air pollution
- Alcohol
- Behaviour change
- Cardiovascular disease: identifying and supporting people most at risk of dying early
- Community pharmacies: promoting health and wellbeing
- Diet, nutrition and obesity
- Drug misuse
-
Mental health and wellbeing
- Antenatal and postnatal mental health
- Cardiovascular disease: identifying and supporting people most at risk of dying early
- Decision-making and mental capacity
- Health of people in the criminal justice system
- Mental wellbeing and independence in older people
- Promoting mental wellbeing at work
- Social and emotional wellbeing for children and young people
- Oral and dental health
- Physical activity
- Sexual health
- Smoking and tobacco
- Suicide prevention
- Sunlight exposure
-
Population groups
- Adult carers
- Behaviour change
- Black and minority ethnic groups
-
Children and young people
- Alcohol-use disorders
- Antisocial behaviour and conduct disorders in children and young people
- Asthma
- Attachment difficulties in children and young people
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Autism spectrum disorder
- Bedwetting in children and young people
- Bronchiolitis in children
- Cerebral palsy
- Child abuse and neglect
- Constipation
- Depression in children and young people
- Diabetes in children and young people
- Diarrhoea and vomiting in children
- Dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
- Eczema
- End of life care for people with life-limiting conditions
- Faltering growth
- Fever in under 5s
- Food allergy in under 19s
- Harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people
- Immunisations for under 19s
- Intravenous fluid therapy in hospital
- Lifestyle weight management services for overweight or obese children and young people
- Looked-after babies, children and young people
- Pneumonia
- Preventing sexually transmitted infections and under-18 conceptions
- Psychosis and schizophrenia
- Sedation in children and young people
- Sepsis
- Social and emotional wellbeing for children and young people
- Spasticity in children and young people
- Suicide prevention
- Surgical management of otitis media with effusion in children
- Transition between community or care home and inpatient mental health settings
- Transition from children's to adults' services
- Unintentional injuries among under-15s
- Urinary tract infections
-
Infants and neonates
- Cerebral palsy
- Developmental follow-up of children and young people born preterm
- Diarrhoea and vomiting in children
- Dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
- Early-onset neonatal infection
- End of life care for people with life-limiting conditions
- Faltering growth
- Fever in under 5s
- Looked-after babies, children and young people
- Maternal and child nutrition
- Neonatal jaundice
- Postnatal care
- Sedation in children and young people
- Sepsis
- Specialist neonatal respiratory care in preterm babies
-
Older people
- Care and support of people growing older with learning disabilities
- Cataracts
- Dementia
- Dementia, disability and frailty in later life: mid-life approaches to delay or prevent onset
- End of life care for people with life-limiting conditions
- Excess winter deaths and illnesses associated with cold homes
- Hearing loss
- Home care for older people
- Mental wellbeing and independence in older people
- Preventing falls in older people
- Safeguarding adults in care homes
- Social care for older people with multiple long-term conditions
-
People with learning disabilities
- Cardiovascular disease: identifying and supporting people most at risk of dying early
- Care and support of people growing older with learning disabilities
- Harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people
- Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges
- Mental health problems in people with learning disabilities
- Safeguarding adults in care homes
-
Vulnerable groups
- Cardiovascular disease: identifying and supporting people most at risk of dying early
- Coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: community health and social care services
- Decision-making and mental capacity
- Domestic violence and abuse
- Harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people
- Health of people in the criminal justice system
- Influenza
- Intrapartum care for women with existing medical conditions
- Intrapartum care for women with obstetric complications
- Looked-after babies, children and young people
- People’s experience in adult social care services
- Pregnancy and complex social factors: service provision
- Safeguarding adults in care homes
- Suicide prevention
- Tuberculosis
-
Service delivery, organisation and staffing
- Acute and critical care
-
Adult social services
- Coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: community health and social care services
- Domestic violence and abuse
- Home care for older people
- Intermediate care including reablement
- Managing medicines for people receiving social care in the community
- Social care for older people with multiple long-term conditions
- Transition between community or care home and inpatient mental health settings
- Transition between inpatient hospital settings and community or care home settings for adults with social care needs
- Transition from children's to adults' services
- Contraception
- End of life care
-
Maternity services
- Intrapartum care
- Postnatal care
- Pregnancy
- Safe midwifery staffing for maternity settings
-
Medicines management
-
Antibiotics
- Antimicrobial prescribing for common infections
- Antimicrobial stewardship
- Bites and stings – antimicrobial prescribing
- Bronchiectasis (non-cystic fibrosis) – antimicrobial prescribing
- Cellulitis and erysipelas – antimicrobial prescribing
- Early-onset neonatal infection
- Eczema
- Foot care for people with diabetes
- Impetigo
- Leg ulcers
- Pneumonia
- Prophylaxis against infective endocarditis
- Prostatitis – antimicrobial prescribing
- Self-limiting respiratory tract and ear infections – antibiotic prescribing
- Urinary tract infections
- Cannabis-based medicinal products
- Controlled drugs: safe use and management
- Drug allergy
- Intravenous fluid therapy in hospital
- Local formulary development
- Managing medicines for people receiving social care in the community
- Managing medicines in care homes
- Medicines optimisation
- Patient group directions
-
Antibiotics
- Oral and dental health
- Organ and tissue transplantation
- Patient and service user care
- Safeguarding
-
Service transition
- Health of people in the criminal justice system
- Intermediate care including reablement
- Transition between community or care home and inpatient mental health settings
- Transition between inpatient hospital settings and community or care home settings for adults with social care needs
- Transition from children's to adults' services
- Staffing
- Suicide prevention
- Surgical care
-
Settings
- Accident and injury prevention
-
Care homes
- Attachment difficulties in children and young people
- Delirium
- Dementia
- Harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people
- Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges
- Looked-after babies, children and young people
- Managing medicines in care homes
- Oral health for adults in care homes
- Pneumonia
- Pressure ulcers
- Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections
- Safeguarding adults in care homes
- Suicide prevention
- Transition between community or care home and inpatient mental health settings
- Transition between inpatient hospital settings and community or care home settings for adults with social care needs
- Urinary tract infections
-
Communities
- Air pollution
- Cardiovascular disease: identifying and supporting people most at risk of dying early
- Care and support of people growing older with learning disabilities
- HIV testing and prevention
- Managing medicines for people receiving social care in the community
- Obesity: working with local communities
- People’s experience in adult social care services
- Suicide prevention
- Transition between community or care home and inpatient mental health settings
- Transition between inpatient hospital settings and community or care home settings for adults with social care needs
- Community engagement
- Community pharmacies: promoting health and wellbeing
- Drug misuse
- Environment
-
Home
- Care and support of people growing older with learning disabilities
- Excess winter deaths and illnesses associated with cold homes
- Home care for older people
- Intermediate care including reablement
- People’s experience in adult social care services
- Pneumonia
- Suicide prevention
- Supporting adult carers
- Urinary tract infections
-
Hospitals
- Acutely ill patients in hospital
- Intermediate care including reablement
- Intravenous fluid therapy in hospital
- Pneumonia
- Pressure ulcers
- Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections
- Sedation in children and young people
- Sepsis
- Smoking cessation in secondary care
- Transition between community or care home and inpatient mental health settings
- Transition between inpatient hospital settings and community or care home settings for adults with social care needs
- Urinary tract infections
-
Prisons and other secure settings
- Alcohol-use disorders
- Cardiovascular disease: identifying and supporting people most at risk of dying early
- Coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: assessment and management in healthcare settings
- Common mental health disorders in primary care
- Controlled drugs: safe use and management
- Drug misuse
- Health of people in the criminal justice system
- Hepatitis B and C testing
- HIV testing and prevention
- Immunisations for under 19s
- Looked-after babies, children and young people
- Personality disorders
- Preventing type 2 diabetes
- Smoking
- Smoking: tobacco harm-reduction approaches
- Suicide prevention
- Tuberculosis
- Type 1 diabetes in adults
- Violence and aggression
-
Schools and other educational settings
- Alcohol-use disorders
- Attachment difficulties in children and young people
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Autism spectrum disorder
- Child abuse and neglect
- Harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people
- Immunisations for under 19s
- Looked-after babies, children and young people
- Preventing sexually transmitted infections and under-18 conceptions
- Smoking
- Social and emotional wellbeing for children and young people
- Unintentional injuries among under-15s
- Transport
- Workplaces
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Controlled drugs: safe use and management
About
What is covered
This NICE Pathway covers systems and processes for using and managing controlled drugs safely in all NHS settings except care homes. It aims to improve working practices to comply with legislation and have robust governance arrangements. It also aims to reduce the safety risks associated with controlled drugs.
Updates
Person-centred care
People have the right to be involved in discussions and make informed decisions about their care, as described in your care.
Making decisions using NICE guidelines explains how we use words to show the strength (or certainty) of our recommendations, and has information about prescribing medicines (including off label use), professional guidelines, standards and laws (including on consent and mental capacity), and safeguarding.
Your responsibility
Guidelines
The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals and practitioners are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or the people using their service. It is not mandatory to apply the recommendations, and the guideline does not override the responsibility to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual, in consultation with them and their families and carers or guardian.
Local commissioners and providers of healthcare have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual professionals and people using services wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with complying with those duties.
Commissioners and providers have a responsibility to promote an environmentally sustainable health and care system and should assess and reduce the environmental impact of implementing NICE recommendations wherever possible.
Technology appraisals
The recommendations in this interactive flowchart represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, health professionals are expected to take these recommendations fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients. The application of the recommendations in this interactive flowchart is at the discretion of health professionals and their individual patients and do not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or their carer or guardian.
Commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to provide the funding required to enable the recommendations to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients wish to use it, in accordance with the NHS Constitution. They should do so in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities.
Commissioners and providers have a responsibility to promote an environmentally sustainable health and care system and should assess and reduce the environmental impact of implementing NICE recommendations wherever possible.
Medical technologies guidance, diagnostics guidance and interventional procedures guidance
The recommendations in this interactive flowchart represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, healthcare professionals are expected to take these recommendations fully into account. However, the interactive flowchart does not override the individual responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or guardian or carer.
Commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to implement the recommendations, in their local context, in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, advance equality of opportunity, and foster good relations. Nothing in this interactive flowchart should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties.
Commissioners and providers have a responsibility to promote an environmentally sustainable health and care system and should assess and reduce the environmental impact of implementing NICE recommendations wherever possible.
Short Text
What is covered
This NICE Pathway covers systems and processes for using and managing controlled drugs safely in all NHS settings except care homes. It aims to improve working practices to comply with legislation and have robust governance arrangements. It also aims to reduce the safety risks associated with controlled drugs.
Sources
NICE guidance and other sources used to create this interactive flowchart.
Controlled drugs: safe use and management (2016) NICE guideline NG46
Related
Quality standards
Quality statements
Effective interventions library
Effective interventions library
Successful effective interventions library details
Implementation
NICE has produced resources to help implement its guidance on:
Information for the public
NICE has written information for the public on each of the following topics.
Pathway information
Person-centred care
People have the right to be involved in discussions and make informed decisions about their care, as described in your care.
Making decisions using NICE guidelines explains how we use words to show the strength (or certainty) of our recommendations, and has information about prescribing medicines (including off label use), professional guidelines, standards and laws (including on consent and mental capacity), and safeguarding.
Your responsibility
Guidelines
The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals and practitioners are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or the people using their service. It is not mandatory to apply the recommendations, and the guideline does not override the responsibility to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual, in consultation with them and their families and carers or guardian.
Local commissioners and providers of healthcare have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual professionals and people using services wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with complying with those duties.
Commissioners and providers have a responsibility to promote an environmentally sustainable health and care system and should assess and reduce the environmental impact of implementing NICE recommendations wherever possible.
Technology appraisals
The recommendations in this interactive flowchart represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, health professionals are expected to take these recommendations fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients. The application of the recommendations in this interactive flowchart is at the discretion of health professionals and their individual patients and do not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or their carer or guardian.
Commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to provide the funding required to enable the recommendations to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients wish to use it, in accordance with the NHS Constitution. They should do so in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities.
Commissioners and providers have a responsibility to promote an environmentally sustainable health and care system and should assess and reduce the environmental impact of implementing NICE recommendations wherever possible.
Medical technologies guidance, diagnostics guidance and interventional procedures guidance
The recommendations in this interactive flowchart represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, healthcare professionals are expected to take these recommendations fully into account. However, the interactive flowchart does not override the individual responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or guardian or carer.
Commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to implement the recommendations, in their local context, in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, advance equality of opportunity, and foster good relations. Nothing in this interactive flowchart should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties.
Commissioners and providers have a responsibility to promote an environmentally sustainable health and care system and should assess and reduce the environmental impact of implementing NICE recommendations wherever possible.
Supporting information
An organisation's controlled drugs accountable officer or nominated person should:
- review controlled drug-related concerns or incidents and take any action needed on a case-by-case basis
- share information and learning throughout the organisation from controlled drug local intelligence networks.
Keep records to provide an audit trail for the supply, administration and disposal of controlled drugs, and the movement of them from one location to another.
Regulation 27 of the 2001 Regulations requires that controlled drugs held as stock by health professionals or organisations must only be destroyed in the presence of an authorised person. The Act designates certain people as authorised witnesses. This includes any police constable and inspectors of the General Pharmaceutical Council. The lead controlled drugs accountable officer of NHS England may also appoint people as authorised witnesses.
Regulation 27 of the 2001 Regulations requires that controlled drugs held as stock by health professionals or organisations must only be destroyed in the presence of an authorised person. The Act designates certain people as authorised witnesses. This includes any police constable and inspectors of the General Pharmaceutical Council. The lead controlled drugs accountable officer of NHS England may also appoint people as authorised witnesses.
A record of the care provided to a person in a health or social care setting. Care records can be written or electronic. They may include notes of clinical decisions; medicines prescribed and administered, or discharge information. The type of care record may vary depending on the arrangements of the care setting. Care records enable health and social care practitioners to have access to essential information about a person's care to help provide safe treatment.
A person (defined as fit, proper and suitably experienced) who is appointed to ensure that systems for the safe management and use of controlled drugs are secure within their own organisation or in those they have a contract with. See Regulation 8 of the 2013 Regulations for more information.
A person (defined as fit, proper and suitably experienced) who is appointed to ensure that systems for the safe management and use of controlled drugs are secure within their own organisation or in those they have a contract with. See Regulation 8 of the 2013 Regulations for more information.
Designated bodies in England are NHS foundation trusts, NHS trusts, English independent hospitals, NHS England and the headquarters in England of regular or reserve forces. See Regulation 7 of the 2013 Regulations for more information.
A controlled automatic device for administering medicines, including controlled drugs, at a set rate of dose per time. An example of this is a syringe pump.
A local intelligence network is drawn from representatives of designated and responsible bodies. It is for the NHS England lead controlled drug accountable officer to determine the number and membership of local intelligence networks appropriate to their area. Local intelligence network members have certain duties and functions set out in Regulations 14, 15 and 16 of the 2013 Regulations. These include a duty to cooperate with other local intelligence network members in identifying cases where action may be appropriate.
A local intelligence network is drawn from representatives of designated and responsible bodies. It is for the NHS England lead controlled drug accountable officer to determine the number and membership of local intelligence networks appropriate to their area. Local intelligence network members have certain duties and functions set out in Regulation 14, Regulation 15 and Regulation 16 of the 2013 Regulations. These include a duty to cooperate with other local intelligence network members in identifying cases where action may be appropriate.
A record of all the medicines the person is taking when in an inpatient setting. Each medicine entry has to be signed by a prescriber. The record forms the authority to administer the medicine.
Regulation 8 of the 2013 Regulations, places a requirement on NHS England to nominate or appoint a fit, proper and suitably experienced person to be NHS England's lead controlled drugs accountable officer for each of its local intelligence network areas. A lead controlled drugs accountable officer can be responsible for one or more local intelligence network areas.
Regulation 8 of the 2013 Regulations, places a requirement on NHS England to nominate or appoint a fit, proper and suitably experienced person to be NHS England's lead controlled drugs accountable officer for each of its local intelligence network areas. A lead controlled drugs accountable officer can be responsible for one or more local intelligence network areas.
Responsible bodies in England are regulatory bodies that include: designated bodies, clinical commissioning groups, NHS Protect, the Prescription Pricing Division of the NHS Business Services Authority, the Care Quality Commission, local authorities, and police forces. See Regulation 6 of the 2013 Regulations for more information.
A standard operating procedure specifies in writing what should be done, when, where and by whom in order to manage safely and accountably any set of processes. For example the management of controlled drugs.
A person who witnesses controlled drugs related activities such as administration or destruction. This can be a registered health professional, for example a doctor, pharmacist, nurse or pharmacy technician, or another competent health or social care practitioner depending on the setting and local standard operating procedure.
Glossary
removal of controlled drugs for unauthorised use
a pharmacy that is not owned by the organisation it supplies medicines to (a different legal entity), for example a community pharmacy that supplies medicines to a hospital
Health and Social Care Information Centre
an onsite pharmacy owned by the organisation it supplies medicines to (within the same legal entity), for example a hospital or prison pharmacy that supplies medicines within the organisation
an onsite pharmacy owned by the organisation it supplies medicines to (within the same legal entity)
in the context of the Misuse of Drugs (Amendment) (No. 2) (England, Wales and Scotland) Regulations 2015, this is the form approved by the Secretary of State, the Welsh Ministers or the Scottish Ministers, for requisitioning Schedule 2 and 3 controlled drugs
a person who is not involved in the day-to-day handling of controlled drugs who has been appointed to oversee the management and governance of activities related to controlled drugs
an incomplete supply of a requested drug, for example when a pharmacy does not have the full quantity of a medicine requested by prescription
prescription for a regular medicine on a repeat basis without the need for consultation with a prescriber
controlled drugs that have not been issued or dispensed to a patient, but are kept by the healthcare provider or health professional for administration or supply
controlled drugs that have not been issued or dispensed to a patient, but are kept by the healthcare provider or health professional for administration or supply
the total dose of opioid (often converted to morphine equivalent daily dose for comparison) that is taken in a 24-hour period
medicines that are taken when they are needed to manage a symptom, for example a pain killer for short-term pain
Paths in this pathway
Pathway created: April 2016 Last updated: October 2020
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